ABSTRACT
The changes of microRNA expression in rat hippocampus after traumatic brain injury (TBI) were explored. Adult SD rats received a single controlled cortical impact injury, and the ipsilateral hippocampus was harvested for the subsequent microarray assay at three time points after TBI: 1st day, 3rd day and 5th day, respectively. We characterized the microRNA expression profile in rat hippocampus using the microRNA microarray analysis, and further verified microarray results of miR-142-3p and miR-221 using quantitative real-time PCR. Totally 205 microRNAs were identified and up-/down-regulated more than 1.5 times. There were significant changes in 17 microRNAs at all three time points post-TBI. The quantitative real-time PCR results of miR-142-3p and miR-221 indicated good consistency with the results of the microarray method. MicroRNAs altered at different time points post-TBI. MiR-142-3p and miR-221 may be used as potentially biological markers for TBI assessment in forensic practice.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Rats , Biomarkers , Metabolism , Brain Injuries , Metabolism , Pathology , Forensic Genetics , Gene Expression Profiling , Gene Expression Regulation , Hippocampus , Metabolism , Pathology , MicroRNAs , Rats, Sprague-DawleyABSTRACT
The changes of microRNA expression in rat hippocampus after traumatic brain injury (TBI) were explored. Adult SD rats received a single controlled cortical impact injury, and the ipsilateral hippocampus was harvested for the subsequent microarray assay at three time points after TBI: 1st day, 3rd day and 5th day, respectively. We characterized the microRNA expression profile in rat hippocampus using the microRNA microarray analysis, and further verified microarray results of miR-142-3p and miR-221 using quantitative real-time PCR. Totally 205 microRNAs were identified and up-/down-regulated more than 1.5 times. There were significant changes in 17 microRNAs at all three time points post-TBI. The quantitative real-time PCR results of miR-142-3p and miR-221 indicated good consistency with the results of the microarray method. MicroRNAs altered at different time points post-TBI. MiR-142-3p and miR-221 may be used as potentially biological markers for TBI assessment in forensic practice.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate correlation between the changes of oxidation reduction potential (ORP) values of heart blood in rabbits after death and postmortem interval (PMI) at different temperatures.@*METHODS@#Forty-eight rabbits were randomly divided into 6 groups and sacrificed by air embolism. Blood samples were taken from the right ventricle of each rabbit and stored at different temperatures of 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 degrees C, respectively. Every 4 hours from 0 h to 132 h postmortem, the ORP values of the blood samples were measured at different intervals by PB-21 electrochemical analyzer. The curvilinear regression equation was established by SPSS 17.0 software. The surface equation and 3D surface diagram were established by MATLAB 7.10.0 software.@*RESULTS@#The ORP values at different temperatures of heart blood in rabbits were highly correlated with the PMI. The ORP values rised obviously when the temperature was high and rised slowly when the temperature was low. The surface equation and 3D surface diagram were obtained.@*CONCLUSION@#The surface equation and 3D surface diagram of ORP values and PMI may be used for PMI estimation at different temperatures.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Rabbits , Blood , Forensic Pathology/methods , Heart , Oxidation-Reduction , Oxygen/analysis , Postmortem Changes , Regression Analysis , Temperature , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Relationship between ATP changes of rabbit blood and postmortem interval (PMI) was studied. Twenty-four healthy rabbits were sacrificed and randomly divided into 3 groups with 8 rabbits of each group. The bodies of three groups were placed in calorstat at temperature of 15°C, 25°C and 35°C, respectively. The blood from the right ventricle was sampled through indwelling needle each 4 h until 72 h after death. ATP levels in the blood samples were measured by using ATP fluorescence rapid detection technique at different PMIs. Blood ATP levels slightly increased in the early stage after death and then constantly declined at all temperatures (15°C, 25°C, and 35°C). Cubic polynomial regression equations with log[ATP] as dependent variable (y) and PMI as independent variable (x) at different temperatures and the optimal time period were established as followed: Under 15°C and during 16-64 h after death, y=-3.027×10(-5)x(3)+0.003x(2)-0.096x-10.625 (R a (2)=0.992, P<0.001); under 25°C and during 8-56 h after death, y=-2.921×10(-5)x(3)+0.002x(2)-0.059x-11.186 (R a (2)=0.989, P<0.001); under 35dgC and during 4-36 h after death, y=-9.769×10(-5)x(3)+ 0.005x(2)-0.117x-11.166 (R a (2)=0.991, P<0.001). The changes in ATP levels in blood collected from right ventricle of rabbit cadavers showed relatively stable and regular degradation within 72 h after death at different temperatures.
ABSTRACT
Relationship between ATP changes of rabbit blood and postmortem interval (PMI) was studied. Twenty-four healthy rabbits were sacrificed and randomly divided into 3 groups with 8 rabbits of each group. The bodies of three groups were placed in calorstat at temperature of 15°C, 25°C and 35°C, respectively. The blood from the right ventricle was sampled through indwelling needle each 4 h until 72 h after death. ATP levels in the blood samples were measured by using ATP fluorescence rapid detection technique at different PMIs. Blood ATP levels slightly increased in the early stage after death and then constantly declined at all temperatures (15°C, 25°C, and 35°C). Cubic polynomial regression equations with log[ATP] as dependent variable (y) and PMI as independent variable (x) at different temperatures and the optimal time period were established as followed: Under 15°C and during 16-64 h after death, y=-3.027×10(-5)x(3)+0.003x(2)-0.096x-10.625 (R a (2)=0.992, P<0.001); under 25°C and during 8-56 h after death, y=-2.921×10(-5)x(3)+0.002x(2)-0.059x-11.186 (R a (2)=0.989, P<0.001); under 35dgC and during 4-36 h after death, y=-9.769×10(-5)x(3)+ 0.005x(2)-0.117x-11.166 (R a (2)=0.991, P<0.001). The changes in ATP levels in blood collected from right ventricle of rabbit cadavers showed relatively stable and regular degradation within 72 h after death at different temperatures.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Rabbits , Adenosine Triphosphate , Blood , Autopsy , Methods , Body Temperature , Physiology , Forensic Pathology , Methods , Postmortem Changes , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the quantity and distribution of diatoms in main rivers and lakes in Xicheng, Dongcheng, Chaoyang, Haidian, Fengtai and Shijingshan Districts of the city of Beijing.@*METHODS@#Water samples were examined through the method of disorganizing, which were collected from 16 rivers and lakes in the central city of Beijing in September and October 2011. Diatom species and proportions of water samples were analyzed using DotSlide microscope station.@*RESULTS@#A total of 10 species of diatoms were detected. Cyclotella, Synedra and Melosira etc. were found to be the dominant species via quantitative analysis. Significant differences were observed for diatom species and proportions among the different rivers and lakes. Melosira was found to be the dominant species in the Chang River; Synedra, in the Zhuan River, the Kunyu River and the Taoranting Park; Cyclotella, in the East Moat River, the Ba River, the Liangshui River and the Yongding River; and Navicula, in the Liangma River; Nitzschia, in the diversion canal of the Yongding River.@*CONCLUSION@#The features of distribution of diatoms in the central city of Beijing are outlined. The morphological and relative constituent ratio database of diatoms are established in central city of Beijing.
Subject(s)
Biodiversity , China , Cities , Diatoms/isolation & purification , Ecosystem , Forensic Medicine/methods , Fresh Water/analysis , Phytoplankton/isolation & purification , Rivers , Species SpecificityABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the relationship of changes of amide A in rabbit heart and the postmortem interval (PMI) by FTIR spectroscopy technique.@*METHODS@#Thirty-two rabbits were sacrificed and the hearts were sampled at 20 degrees C within 48 h postmortem points. All samples were sliced and tested by FTIR spectroscopy technique. The images of amide A were created by FTIR spectroscopic imaging. The positive and negative area ratios of amide A were analyzed using imaging analysis system.@*RESULTS@#The positive and negative area ratios declined regularly with the prolongation of death time in 48 h. There was a significant quadric relationship between the area ratios (y) of amide A (positive and negative area) and PMI(x). The regression equation was y = 0.001x2-0.038x + 0.747(R2 = 0.940).@*CONCLUSION@#The ratios of positive and negative area of amide A showed a strong correlation with PMI and could be used to estimate PMI.